equals

C# – Validate an IP address

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Use IPAddress.Parse() to parse an IP address from a string. This handles both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses and throws an exception if the string can’t be parsed into a valid IP address. Here’s an example: This outputs the following: Use IPAddress.TryParse() if you don’t want exceptions to be thrown. It returns false if the string … Read more

C# – How to convert char to int

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Converting a char to an int means getting the numeric value that the char represents (i.e. ‘1’ to 1). This is not the same as casting the char to an int, which gives you the char’s underlying value (i.e. ‘1’ is 49). There are three ways to convert a char to an int: I’ll show … Read more

C# – Remove duplicates from a list

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The simplest (and most efficient) way to remove duplicates from a list is by iterating, keeping track of items you’ve seen with a HashSet, and discarding items you’ve already seen. I’ll show four ways to implement this O(n) algorithm. At the end, I’ll explain a few inefficient approaches to avoid. Remove duplicates with ToHashSet() and … Read more

C# – Remove items from a list

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Here are the different ways to remove items from a list: I’ll show examples of using these methods. Remove item by index with List.RemoveAt() You can use List.RemoveAt() to remove an item at an index (0-based). Here’s an example of removing the first and last item from the list: This removes the first item “A” … Read more

C# – How to parse XML with XElement (Linq)

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Use the XElement class (from the Linq-to-Xml API) to parse XML and work with it in memory. You can use this to search for XML elements, attributes, and modify values. This is an alternative to using an XML (de)serializer (which requires you to define a class that matches the XML structure). I’ll show examples of … Read more

ASP.NET Core – How to receive a request with text/plain content

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When a request comes in and your action method has parameters, the framework tries to find the appropriate InputFormatter to handle deserializing the request data. There’s no built-in text/plain InputFormatter though, so when you send a request with text/plain content, it fails with a 415 – Unsupported Media Type error response. In this article, I’ll … Read more

C# – Change a dictionary’s values in a foreach loop

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In .NET 5 and above, you can loop through a dictionary and directly change its values. Here’s an example: This outputs the following: You couldn’t do this before .NET 5, because it would invalidate the enumerator and throw an exception: InvalidOperationException: Collection was modified; enumeration operation my not execute. Instead, you’d have to make the … Read more

C# – How to implement GetHashCode() and Equals()

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The simplest way to implement GetHashCode() is to use the built-in System.HashCode.Combine() method and pick the properties you want to include. Let it do the work for you. Furthermore, the simplest way to implement Equals() is to use the is operator and compare all the properties. Here’s an example: Note: Use (Title, Year).GetHashCode() in versions … Read more

C# – Use records as a shortcut for defining DTOs

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You can declare a record with a single line of code: Note: This feature was added in .NET 5 / C# 9. Records are basically classes (reference types) that work very well as simple data containers (i.e. DTOs). Here’s an example of using a record: This outputs the following: As shown, when you declare a … Read more

Moq – Verifying parameters passed to a mocked method

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When you need to verify that the code under test called a method with the expected parameters, you can mock the method with Moq and use Verify() + It.Is<T>() to check the parameters passed in. Verify() asserts that the method call happened as expected with the specified parameters. Here’s an example. This is verifying that … Read more