async

C# – Async Main

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The Async Main feature was added in C# 7.1 and works with all overloads of the Main() method. To make the Main() method async, add async Task to the method signature, like this: This is syntax sugar that compiles down to calling GetAwaiter().GetResult() on whatever you’re awaiting. In other words, it’s equivalent to doing the … Read more

C# – How to unit test code that uses HttpClient

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When you want to unit test code that uses HttpClient, you’ll want to treat HttpClient like any other dependency: pass it into the code (aka dependency injection) and then mock it out in the unit tests. There are two approaches to mocking it out: In this article I’ll show examples of these two approaches. Untested … Read more

C# – How to make concurrent requests with HttpClient

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The HttpClient class was designed to be used concurrently. It’s thread-safe and can handle multiple requests. You can fire off multiple requests from the same thread and await all of the responses, or fire off requests from multiple threads. No matter what the scenario, HttpClient was built to handle concurrent requests. To use HttpClient effectively … Read more

C# – How to test that your code can handle another culture’s date format

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Let’s say you have code that converts a string to a DateTime with DateTime.Parse(): By default, DateTime.Parse() uses CultureInfo.CurrentCulture to figure out the date format. The current culture ultimately comes from your OS settings. So when you run this code on a computer that is using the en-US locale, the current culture will automatically default … Read more

C# – How to unit test async methods

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Let’s say you have the following async method you want to test: Here’s how to unit test this: This is awaiting the method you’re testing. To await it, you must make the unit test method return async Task. This example is a bit simplistic. In the real world when you are working with async methods, … Read more

C# – Fixing the Sync over Async antipattern

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The Sync over Async antipattern is when you’re using a blocking wait on an async method, instead of awaiting the results asynchronously. This wastes the thread, causes unresponsiveness (if called from the UI), and exposes you to potential deadlocks. There are two causes: In this article I’ll show an example of the Sync over Async … Read more

C# – Example of using BlockingCollection

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The BlockingCollection class is a blocking concurrent queue. It provides an implementation of the producer-consumer pattern. There are two parts to this pattern: BlockingCollection is thread-safe, which means it’s designed to be used by many threads at once. Here’s an example of using BlockingCollection with one consumer and two producers: Note: BlockingCollection.IsCompleted means the queue … Read more

Multithreaded quicksort in C#

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One day I decided to challenge myself by trying to implement multithreaded quicksort. I wanted to see how it would compare to the built-in Array.Sort() method. I came up with two algorithms that were 2-4x faster than Array.Sort(): After continuing to tinker, in attempts to further optimize, I came across the AsParallel().OrderBy() method (PLINQ). After … Read more

How to set a timeout for TcpClient.ConnectAsync()

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TcpClient has no direct way to set the connection timeout. It doesn’t have any parameters that allow you to control it, and SendTimeout / ReceiveTimeout don’t apply to the initial connection. The way I control the connection timeout is by awaiting a Task.WhenAny() with TcpClient.ConnectAsync() and Task.Delay(). Task.WhenAny() returns when any of the tasks complete. … Read more